Close-quarters combat (CQC) or close-quarters battle (CQB) is a close combat situation between multiple combatants involving ranged (typically firearm-based) or melee combat.[1] It can occur between military units, law enforcement and criminal elements, and in other similar situations.
For a lengthy period following World War II, urban warfare and CQC had barely changed in infantry tactics. Modern firearm CQC tactics were developed in the 1970s as "close-quarters battle" by Western counterterrorist special forces units following the 1972 Munich massacre.[4] The units trained in the aftermath of the massacre, such as the Special Air Service, Delta Force, GSG 9, GIGN, and Joint Task Force 2, developed CQC tactics involving firearms to quickly and precisely assault structures while minimizing friendly and hostage casualties; these CQB tactics were shared between these special forces units, who were closely-knit and frequently trained together.[4] The Special Air Service used CQB tactics during the 1980 Iranian Embassy siege. CQB tactics soon reached police tactical units and similar paramilitaries, such as American SWAT teams.[4]
Single-Person Close Quarters Battle: Urban Tactics For Civilians, Law Enforcement And Military (Spec
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In a city attack, the urban defender is not surprised and easily knows all the tools available to its opponent. In the 2004 Second Battle of Fallujah, enemy fighters reinforced the insides of buildings with sandbags, booby-trapped windows, doors, and roofs, and established kill zones in courtyards and the building entryways they knew the attacking forces would attempt to enter. The attacking troops took heavy casualties in the streets, in alleyways, and while attempting house-to-house clearing using close-quarters tactics. US soldiers and Marines adapted. Instead of exposing dismounted troops to clear rooms, they changed their method to one that relied extensively on tanks and indirect firepower to clear buildings. Thus, in the absence of fortification-clearing tools or tactics, they increased their use of explosive force to penetrate buildings fully.
No matter how the three primary urban fortification tools or tactics (demolish with aerial bombardment; strike with aerial munitions, tank fire, or some other explosive to reduce enemy strength inside; or send dismounted troops to clear it with close-quarters tactics) are used, they are inadequate.
Randell W. LeonardInstructor CadreRandell Leonard possesses over twenty-five years of specialized counter-terrorism expertise and currently serves as the Select and Training Program Manager for Sterling Global Operations where he is responsible for the oversight and management of multiple classified operational and training projects for various intelligence community organizations, and he concurrently serves as a Senior Advisor for Spartan Group. During his career, Randy has developed, implemented, and managed both training curriculum and operational standard operating procedures that were critical to the success of U.S. intelligence missions in semi-permissive and non-permissive environments globally. A former operational member of the U.S. Navy Seal teams he was selected and assigned to the NAVSPECWARDEVGRU, a select group chosen from the top 1% of the Navy, responsible for developing advanced tactics and carrying out classified national security missions. Mr. Leonard served as a Supervisory Special Agent within the Intelligence Community (IC) for five years overseeing and delegating assignments to other agents and managing $15 million worth of weapons, communications, and surveillance equipment. He is credited for developing the baseline low- and no-profile protective operations tactics, techniques, and procedures used to design the current program curriculum and standard operating procedures for several Government intelligence organizations. Mr. Leonard is a certified U.S. Navy Master Training Specialist and his training expertise enabled these organizations to conduct over 300,000 high threat missions and Counter-Terrorism operations with zero fatalities in non-permissive environments. Mr. Leonard currently holds an active Top Secret/SCI clearance with a single scope poly. He has trained thousands of law enforcement officers, military personnel and civilians, and brings that depth and breadth of knowledge to his current position as the Senior Advisor while continuing his service to our nation.
The vast majority of all law enforcement and private-citizen self-defense shootings occur in close quarters, within 15 yards. While military operations can vary greatly, in urban terrain where units are clearing houses, the importance of having an optic capable for true 1x magnification is paramount. 2ff7e9595c
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